📋 Key Takeaways

Conventional loans are better for borrowers with 680+ credit and 5%+ down — lower long-term cost and PMI cancels at 20% equity. FHA loans are better for 580–679 credit or minimal down payment — more flexible qualifying but MIP lasts the life of the loan. Dustin Carlson (NMLS #193009) can model both options for your exact scenario — call (281) 939-5191.

  • Conventional PMI is removable at 20% equity; FHA MIP stays for life of loan with <10% down
  • Credit score below 680: FHA usually wins on rate and availability
  • Credit score 720+: Conventional wins with lower overall PMI cost
  • FHA allows 100% gift funds for down payment; conventional has restrictions
  • Conventional required for investment properties and second homes (FHA: primary only)
  • 2026 conventional limit: $832,750; FHA limit: $524,225–$1,149,825 by county
📖 In This Guide

A conventional loan is not government-backed and requires 3–20% down; PMI cancels automatically at 20% equity. An FHA loan is government-insured, requires 3.5% down with a 580+ credit score, but carries MIP that never cancels with less than 10% down. Rule of thumb: conventional wins above 720 credit; FHA often wins below 680.

Choosing between a conventional loan and an FHA loan is one of the most important decisions a home buyer makes — and the right answer depends entirely on your credit score, down payment and how long you plan to stay in the home. This guide gives you a clear, side-by-side comparison so you can make the best decision for your situation.

Quick Comparison

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FactorConventional LoanFHA Loan
Min. Down Payment3–5% (with PMI)3.5% (580+ credit)
Min. Credit Score620 (most lenders)580 (3.5% down)
Mortgage InsurancePMI — removable at 20% equityMIP — life of loan if <10% down
Loan Limit (2026)$832,750 standard$524,225–$1,149,825 by county
Max DTI43–50% (with exceptions)43–57% (with compensating factors)
Property TypesPrimary, second, investmentPrimary residence only
Seller Concessions3–9% (by LTV)Up to 6%
Gift FundsAllowed (with conditions)100% of down payment

The Mortgage Insurance Difference — This Matters Most

This is where the decision often gets made:

Conventional PMI

  • Required when down payment is less than 20%
  • Rate depends on credit score and LTV — typically 0.2–1.5% per year
  • Automatically cancels when your loan balance reaches 78% of the original purchase price
  • Can be requested for removal at 80% LTV with a new appraisal

FHA MIP

  • Required on all FHA loans regardless of down payment
  • Upfront MIP: 1.75% (rolled into loan)
  • Annual MIP: 0.55% per year on most 30-year loans
  • With less than 10% down: MIP stays for the LIFE of the loan
  • With 10%+ down: MIP cancels after 11 years

📊 Key Insight: If you plan to keep the loan long-term (10+ years), conventional's removable PMI typically wins over FHA's lifetime MIP — even if the initial rate on FHA is slightly better.

Which Loan Wins by Credit Score

Credit ScoreLikely WinnerWhy
760+ConventionalBest rates, lowest PMI or no PMI with 20% down
720–759ConventionalCompetitive rates; PMI cheaper than FHA MIP at this tier
680–719DependsRun the numbers both ways; FHA MIP vs. conventional PMI is close
640–679FHAFHA rates and PMI costs favor lower-credit borrowers here
580–639FHAConventional rarely available at this range; FHA is the standard choice
500–579FHA (10% down)Only FHA serves this range

Which Loan Wins by Down Payment

Less than 5% Down

FHA and Conventional 97 are both available. If credit is below 680, FHA usually wins on rate. If credit is 720+, Conventional 97 may have cheaper PMI.

5–19% Down

This is the comparison zone. At higher credit scores, conventional PMI rates drop dramatically. FHA's MIP becomes comparatively expensive when you'll eventually build 20% equity.

20%+ Down

Conventional wins clearly. No PMI, no MIP — just a clean fixed-rate loan with the best pricing.

When FHA Clearly Wins

  • Credit score below 680 with limited down payment
  • High DTI (above 45%) where conventional approval is difficult
  • Using DPA grants layered on top (FHA allows 100% gift down payment)
  • Recent credit events (bankruptcy 2+ years ago, foreclosure 3+ years ago)

When Conventional Clearly Wins

  • Credit score of 720+ with 5–10% down
  • Any borrower putting 20%+ down
  • Investment property or second home purchase (FHA doesn't allow)
  • Loan amounts above FHA limits
  • Long-term homeowners who want PMI removal potential

Let Dustin Run the Numbers for Your Specific Scenario

There's no universal winner — the best loan depends on your credit, down payment, goalsand how long you plan to stay. Dustin will model both options side-by-side in 90 minutes with no obligation and

Compare Conventional vs. FHA for My Situation →

Dustin Carlson NMLS #193009 · First Colony Mortgage Corporation NMLS #3112

Frequently Asked Questions

Is FHA or conventional better for first-time buyers?
It depends on your credit score and down payment. With a 580–679 credit score and less than 10% down, FHA typically offers better rates and approval odds. With a 720+ score and 5%+ down, conventional often wins due to removable PMI vs. FHA's lifetime MIP. Dustin will model both for your exact situation.
Can I switch from FHA to conventional?
Yes — through a refinance. Many buyers start with FHA and refinance into conventional once their home has appreciated to 20% equity, eliminating MIP entirely. This is a common and powerful strategy, especially in appreciating markets like Houston and The Woodlands.
What is the minimum down payment for a conventional loan?
Conventional loans are available with as little as 3% down through Fannie Mae's HomeReady and Freddie Mac's Home Possible programs. Standard conventional loans start at 5% down. Down payments below 20% require PMI, which is removed when equity reaches 20%.
Which loan has a higher debt-to-income limit?
FHA is generally more flexible on DTI, allowing up to 57% back-end DTI with strong compensating factors. Conventional loans typically max at 43–50% DTI. For borrowers with high debt loads, FHA often provides a path to approval that conventional does not.
Does FHA or conventional have better interest rates?
FHA rates are often 0.10–0.25% lower than conventional rates for the same borrower profile. However, FHA's MIP adds 0.55%/year to the effective cost. For borrowers with strong credit (720+), the net cost of conventional (rate + removable PMI) usually beats FHA (rate + lifetime MIP) over a 5+ year horizon.
Dustin Carlson · Loan Officer
NMLS #193009 · First Colony Mortgage NMLS #3112 · 25+ Years Experience · 10,000+ Loans Originated