📋 Key Takeaways

Conventional loans are often better for borrowers with 680+ credit and 5%+ down — PMI cancels automatically at 22% equity (or can be requested at 20% equity). FHA loans may be the better option for borrowers with lower credit scores, higher debt-to-income ratios, or those who may have shorter waiting periods following certain major credit events, based on FHA guidelines. Dustin Carlson (NMLS #193009) can model both options for your exact scenario — call (281) 939-5191.

  • Conventional PMI is removable at 20% equity; FHA MIP stays for life of loan with <10% down
  • Credit score below 680: FHA usually wins on rate and availability
  • Credit score 720+: Conventional wins with lower overall PMI cost
  • FHA allows 100% gift funds for down payment; conventional has restrictions
  • Conventional for investment properties and second homes (FHA: primary only)
  • 2026 conventional limit: $832,750; FHA limit: $524,225–$1,149,825 by county
📖 In This Guide

A conventional loan is not government-backed and requires 3–20% down; PMI cancels automatically at 22% equity (you may request cancellation at 20% equity). An FHA loan is government-insured, requires 3.5% down with a 580+ credit score, but carries MIP that never cancels with less than 10% down. Rule of thumb: conventional wins above 720 credit; FHA often wins below 680.

Choosing between a conventional loan and an FHA loan is one of the most important decisions a home buyer makes — and the right answer depends entirely on your credit score, down payment and how long you plan to stay in the home. This guide gives you a clear, side-by-side comparison so you can make the right decision for your situation.

Quick Comparison

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FactorConventional LoanFHA Loan
Min. Down Payment3–5% (with PMI)3.5% (580+ credit)
Min. Credit Score620 (most lenders)580 (3.5% down)
Mortgage InsurancePMI — removable at 20% equityMIP — life of loan if <10% down
Loan Limit (2026)$832,750 standard$524,225–$1,149,825 by county
Max DTI43–50% (with exceptions)43–57% (with compensating factors)
Property TypesPrimary, second, investmentPrimary residence only
Seller Concessions3–9% (by LTV)Up to 6%
Gift FundsAllowed (with conditions)100% of down payment

The Mortgage Insurance Difference — This Matters Most

This is where the decision often gets made:

Conventional PMI

  • Required when down payment is less than 20%
  • Rate depends on credit score and LTV; the exact amount varies by borrower profile
  • Automatically cancels when your loan balance reaches 78% of the original purchase price (22% equity) — this is the Homeowners Protection Act automatic termination point
  • Can be requested for removal at 80% LTV (20% equity) with a good payment history and, in some cases, a new appraisal
  • Note: putting 20% down on a purchase or having 20% equity at refinance means no PMI at all — the 20% request and 22% automatic cancellation rules apply to loans that started with PMI

FHA MIP

  • Required on all FHA loans regardless of down payment
  • Upfront MIP: a one-time premium rolled into the loan balance at closing
  • Annual MIP: an ongoing monthly premium added to the payment; the exact amount varies by loan term, LTV, and loan amount
  • With less than 10% down: MIP stays for the LIFE of the loan
  • With 10%+ down: MIP cancels after 11 years

📊 Key Insight: If you plan to keep the loan long-term (10+ years), conventional's removable PMI typically wins over FHA's lifetime MIP — even if the initial rate on FHA is slightly better.

Which Loan Wins by Credit Score

Credit ScoreLikely WinnerWhy
760+Conventionalmost favorable rates, lowest PMI or no PMI with 20% down
720–759ConventionalCompetitive rates; PMI cheaper than FHA MIP at this tier
680–719DependsRun the numbers both ways; FHA MIP vs. conventional PMI is close
640–679FHAFHA rates and PMI costs favor lower-credit borrowers here
580–639FHAConventional rarely available at this range; FHA is the standard choice
500–579FHA (10% down)Only FHA serves this range

Which Loan Wins by Down Payment

Less than 5% Down

FHA and Conventional 97 are both available. If credit is below 680, FHA usually wins on rate. If credit is 720+, Conventional 97 may have cheaper PMI.

5–19% Down

This is the comparison zone. At higher credit scores, conventional PMI rates drop dramatically. FHA's MIP becomes comparatively expensive when you'll eventually build 20% equity.

20%+ Down

Conventional wins clearly. No PMI, no MIP — just a clean fixed-rate loan with the most favorable pricing.

When FHA Clearly Wins

  • Credit score below 680 with limited down payment
  • High DTI (above 45%) where conventional approval is difficult
  • Using DPA grants layered on top (FHA allows 100% gift down payment)
  • Recent credit events (bankruptcy 2+ years ago, foreclosure 3+ years ago)

When Conventional Clearly Wins

  • Credit score of 720+ with 5–10% down
  • Any borrower putting 20%+ down
  • Investment property or second home purchase (FHA doesn't allow)
  • Loan amounts above FHA limits
  • Long-term homeowners who want PMI removal potential

Let Dustin Run the Numbers for Your Specific Scenario

There's no universal winner — the most suitable loan depends on your credit, down payment, goalsand how long you plan to stay. Dustin will model both options side-by-side in 90 minutes with no obligation and

Compare Conventional vs. FHA for My Situation →

Dustin Carlson NMLS #193009 · First Colony Mortgage Corporation NMLS #3112

Frequently Asked Questions

Is FHA or conventional better for first-time buyers?
It depends on your credit score and down payment. With a 580–679 credit score and less than 10% down, FHA typically offers better rates and approval odds. With a 720+ score and 5%+ down, conventional often wins due to removable PMI vs. FHA's lifetime MIP. Dustin will model both for your exact situation.
Can I switch from FHA to conventional?
Yes — through a refinance. Many buyers start with FHA and refinance into conventional once their home has appreciated to 20% equity, eliminating MIP entirely. This is a common and powerful strategy, especially in appreciating markets like Houston and The Woodlands.
What is the minimum down payment for a conventional loan?
Conventional loans are available with as little as 3% down through Fannie Mae's HomeReady and Freddie Mac's Home Possible programs. Standard conventional loans start at 5% down. Down payments below 20% require PMI, which is removed when equity reaches 20%.
Which loan has a higher debt-to-income limit?
FHA allows for higher debt-to-income ratios than conventional loans, particularly for borrowers with compensating factors. This makes FHA a common choice for borrowers with significant existing debt obligations. Conventional loans have their own DTI guidelines that vary by lender and loan type. Dustin can review your specific situation and advise which program fits your profile.
Does FHA or conventional have better interest rates?
FHA rates are often somewhat lower than conventional rates for borrowers with lower credit scores. However, FHA's ongoing MIP adds to the effective cost of the loan. For borrowers with strong credit, the net cost of conventional with removable PMI often compares favorably to FHA with lifetime MIP over a longer time horizon. Dustin can model both options for your specific scenario.
Dustin Carlson · Loan Officer
NMLS #193009 · First Colony Mortgage NMLS #3112 · 25+ Years Experience · 10,000+ Loans Originated